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A practical workflow for diagnosing one specific flaky test: bisect its real flake rate, read the failure signature, correlate with deploys or CI changes, and use framework debug flags to confirm the cause.
Retries are safe for known network flakiness and dangerous around business-logic assertions. A decision framework, retry-count math, and current retry config for Playwright, Jest, Cypress, and pytest.
Flaky tests cost more than CI minutes. Here's a cost model — triage minutes × failure frequency × engineer rate — plus the delayed-release and missed-bug costs it misses.
How to size a flaky test quarantine SLA, tier it by severity, escalate breaches, cap the bucket, and quarantine tests in Playwright, Jest, pytest, JUnit.
Flaky test statistics for 2026: how common they are (Google ~16% of tests), what they cost (Slack ~28 min/failure), causes, and how top teams fix them.